Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin.
嗨!歡迎收看 Life Noggin。
Have you ever been so angry that you start to relate to those cartoon characters who have steam coming out of their ears? Or maybe you feel like your blood is boiling beneath your skin?. Even though you may know what the external cause of your anger is, what's actually going on inside your body when you're angry? That's what we're gonna find out.
你是否曾經超生氣，氣到你開始覺得自己像那些從耳朵冒煙的卡通人物？或可能你覺得你的血液在皮膚底下沸騰？儘管你可能知道你生氣的外在成因是什麼，但在你生氣時，你的體內究竟發生什麼事呢？那就是我們要找出答案的事。
Imagine that you are driving on a freeway and somebody suddenly cuts you off. You will mostly likely get angry and either honk your horn or possibly give them a not-so-nice hand gesture. Admit it, we've all done it before.
想像你正開車在高速公路上，然後有人突然切過來。你很有可能會生氣，然後不是按喇叭，就是很有可能給他們一個不太友善的手勢。承認吧，我們都曾這樣做。
Inside your brain, the amygdala, which responds to outside stimuli, processes the car cutting you off and coordinates the release of neurotransmitters called catecholamines. These cause you to feel a burst of energy, preparing you for physical action. The hormones, epinephrine and norepinephrine, are also released, increasing your blood pressure. Your heart rate increases and your face may flush as the blood rushes to your extremities. If you've ever seen someone so angry that they turn red as a lobster, this is why.
在你的大腦裡，杏仁核，它回應外在刺激，接收處理切車事件，調節稱為兒茶酚胺的神經傳遞介質釋放。這些讓你感到有股力量爆發，讓你準備好做出肢體動作。腎上腺素和正腎上腺素兩種荷爾蒙也被釋出，升高你的血壓。你的心跳加快，然後當血液衝向你的末梢時，你可能會面紅耳赤。如果你曾看過某人怒到變得像隻龍蝦一樣紅，這就是為什麼。
If you want to keep this anger at bay, you'll have to use your prefrontal cortex. You can think of this as the area that controls your judgement, and if you don't use your prefrontal cortex, you may act aggressively towards others.
如果你想要阻止這種憤怒靠近，你會需要用到你的前額葉皮質。你可以把這想成管理你判斷力的區域，如果你不用你的前額葉皮質，你可能會對別人表現得有攻擊性。
Take Phineas Gage as an example. In 1848, while at work, a tamping iron was shot through his left cheek and exited through the top of his head. Somehow he survived, but his frontal lobe was severely damaged. After his injury, he is said to have been fitful, irreverent, and had the animal passions of a strong man. Perhaps the damage to his frontal lobe destroyed his ability to control his behavior. He was not only a new man, but also one incapable of self-constraint.
拿 Phineas Gage 當例子。1848 年，在工作期間，一根用來填塞的鐵棍射穿他的左臉頰然後從他的頭頂穿出去。不知怎麼地，他活了下來，但他的大腦額葉嚴重受損。在他受傷後，據說他變得反覆無常、無禮，而且有屬於一個強壯男子野獸般的性情。也許對他大腦額葉的傷害毀損了他控制自己行為的能力。他不僅是一個全新的人，還是一個無法自我控制的人。
It's also important to note that constant, chronic anger can greatly increase a person's chance of getting a heart disease, like high blood pressure or heart attacks. Anger and the heart are very connected. This is because epinephrine and norepinephrine constrict blood vessels, making your heart pump harder. These two hormones also increase the amount of glucose and fatty acids in the blood. The increased levels can lead to damage in artery walls and speed up the process of atherosclerosis. When the fatty plaque builds up in the arteries, it narrows them and decreases the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the body. This can lead to a heart attack, stroke, or death.
很重要的是也要注意到，持續、長期的憤怒會大幅增加一個人得到心臟疾病的機會，像是高血壓或心臟病發。憤怒和心臟十分有關連。這是因為腎上腺素和正腎上腺素會壓縮血管，使你的心臟跳得更激烈。這兩種荷爾蒙同樣也增加血液中葡萄糖和脂肪酸的量。那增加的程度會導致動脈壁中的傷害，並加速動脈硬化的過程。當脂肪斑在動脈中積累時，它使動脈變窄，並減少進到身體的充氧血流量。這會導致心臟病發、中風，或死亡。
But fear not, there are healthy ways to control your anger, such as meditation, anger management therapy, exercise, or even just relaxing and doing something fun, like, watching a few Life Noggin videos. So tell us, what is one thing that makes you angry? And, what do you do to get over that feeling?
但別害怕，有很多控制你的憤怒的健康方法，例如冥想、憤怒管理治療、運動，或甚至只是放鬆和做些有趣的事，好比，看幾部 Life Noggin 影片。所以告訴我們，什麼是讓你生氣的一件事？還有，你做什麼來熬過那種感覺？
Make sure you come back every Monday and Thursday for a brand new video. And if you want even more Life Noggin, check out these videos we did on the science of happiness and the science of depression. You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter. I'm Blocko. This has been Life Noggin. Stay calm, and don't forget to keep on thinking.
確保你每星期一和四回來看全新影片。如果你想看更多 Life Noggin，看看我們錄的這些關於幸福的科學和沮喪的科學的影片。你也可以在 Facebook 和 Twitter 上追蹤我們。我是 Blocko。這是 Life Noggin 頻道。保持冷靜，還有別忘了要繼續思考喔。
- 「查明、找出」- Find Out
That's what we're gonna find out.
那就是我們要找出答案的事。 - 「不使逼近、牽制」- Keep At Bay
If you want to keep this anger at bay, you'll have to use your prefrontal cortex.
如果你想要阻止這種憤怒靠近，你會需要用到你的前額葉皮質。 - 「導致、引起」- Lead To
The increased levels can lead to damage in artery walls and speed up the process of atherosclerosis.
那增加的程度會導致動脈壁中的傷害，並加速動脈硬化的過程。 - 「加速」- Speed Up
The increased levels can lead to damage in artery walls and speed up the process of atherosclerosis.
那增加的程度會導致動脈壁中的傷害，並加速動脈硬化的過程。 - 「積累、增加」- Build Up
When the fatty plaque builds up in the arteries, it narrows them and decreases the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the body.
當脂肪斑在動脈中積累時，它使動脈變窄，並減少進到身體的充氧血流量。 - 「例如」- Such As
But fear not, there are healthy ways to control your anger, such as meditation, anger management therapy, exercise...
但別害怕，有很多控制你的憤怒的健康方法，例如冥想、憤怒管理治療、運動... - 「熬過、克服」- Get Over
And, what do you do to get over that feeling?
還有，你做什麼來熬過那種感覺？ - 「繼續」- Keep On
Stay calm, and don't forget to keep on thinking.
保持冷靜，還有別忘了要繼續思考喔。
